What is Booting is Computer

 • Booting a computer means  restart the computer or turn it on.

The booting up is a step by step process as follows :

 1. As soon as the machine is powered ON, POST (Power On Self-Test) is performed which are mainly diagnostic tests that check for integrity of all components (CPU, RAM, IO devices etc.) of a computer system. If any component is found faulty, an error message is displayed. 

2. A chip called ROM-BIOS (Read Only Memory- Basic Input Output Services) is read and executed. Then a check is performed for OS files' presence on the disk.

 3. If OS files are found in a drive, its very first sector (called MBR - Master Boot Record or boot sector) is read which first looks for active partition and then loads secondary boot record from active partition. 

4. This secondary boot record now loads and runs the bootloader program. Every OS has a specific bootloader program that loads its specific OS files into main memory. 

Some popular bootloaders are:

• NTLDR

• BOOTMGR

• GRUB & GRUB2

• BOOTX

There are two types of booting process:-

   

        • Cold Booting

        • Warm Booting

Cold Booting :- In this booting process that take place when we first turn on computer. Then the cold booting is start.

Warm booting :- In this process that take place when we reset the computer by pressing restart bottom. Then the warm booting is start.

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Note:-

• Process of booting is also called bootstrapping.

• loading the operating System files into main memory is called booting up .

• bootloader program are specific to different operating System and load the required files for that particular OS from disk to main memory.

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